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Harvey Bootsma

Harvey Bootsma

  • Professor, School of Freshwater Sciences

Website: https://sites.uwm.edu/hbootsma/

Biography

I received a Bachelor's degree in marine biology from the University of Guelph, and a Ph.D. in limnology from the University of Manitoba, after which I conducted postdoctoral work at the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Most of my research is on large lakes, including the Laurentian Great Lakes, the African Great Lakes, and lakes in South America. Some of my specific interests include benthic carbon and nutrient dynamics, structure and function of aquatic food webs, and tropical limnology. However, I am generally interested in the interactions among physical, chemical and biological processes at the whole ecosystem scale, and so my research tends to be collaborative and multidisciplinary, with an emphasis on how land use, climate, and species composition affect ecosystem structure and function.

Education

  • PhD, Limnology, University of Manitoba, 1993
  • BSc, Marine Biology, University of Guelph, 1985

Research Interests

  • Tropical limnology
  • Nutrient cycling
  • Ecosystem scale carbon dynamics
  • Land-lake interaction
  • Aquatic food web dynamics

Recent and Selected Publications

Bockwoldt, K.A., H.A. Bootsma, and B. M. Lesht. 2023. Spatial, seasonal, and historical variation of phytoplankton production in Lake Michigan. J. Great Lakes Res. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.11.003

Plisnier, P.-D., R. Kayanda, S. MacIntyre, K. Obiero, W. Okello, A. Vodacek, C. Cocquyt, H. Abegaz, A. Achieng, Balagizi Akonkwa, C. Albrecht, C. Balagizi, J. Barasa, R. Abel Bashonga, A. Bashonga Bishobibiri, H. Bootsma, … T. Lawrence. 2022. Need for harmonized long term multi-lake monitoring of African Great Lakes. J. Great Lakes Res. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.01.016

Shen, C., Q. Liao, H.A. Bootsma, B. Moraska Lafrancois. 2022. Modeling the transport of sloughed Cladophora in the nearshore zone of Lake Michigan.  J. Environ. Manage. 323: 116203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116203

Aldstadt, J.H., H.A. Bootsma, and J.L. Ammerman.  2022. Chemical properties of water.  Encyclopedia of Inland Waters 2nd edition. Vol. 1, pp. 95-104 Elsevier, Oxford. ISBN 9780124095489. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819166-8.00007-4.

Turschak, B.A., C.R. Bronte, S. Czesny, B. Gerig, A. Happel, T.O. Höök, M.K. Kornis, B.S. Leonhardt, B.G. Matthias, J. Rinchard, D. Warner, and H. Bootsma. 2022. Temporal variation in the niche partitioning of Lake Michigan salmonines as it relates to alewife abundance and size. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 79(3):487-502. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2021-0027

Cannon, D.J., C. Troy, H.A. Bootsma, Q. Liao, and R. MacLellan-Hurd. 2021. Characterizing the Seasonal Variability of Hypolimnetic Mixing in a Large, Deep Lake.  J. Geophys. Res: Oceans 126, e2021JC017533. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017533.

Happel, A., B. Leonhardt, T. Hook, H. Bootsma, C. Bronte, M. Kornis, S. Czesny, B. Turschak, C. Maier, and J. Rinchard. 2020.  Fatty acids reveal salmonine – prey relationships in Lake Michigan. J. Great Lakes Res. 46(6):1689-1701.

Leonhardt, B.S., A. Happel, H. Bootsma, C.R. Bronte, S. Czesny, Z. Feiner, M.S. Kornis, J. Rinchard, B. Turschak, and T. Höök. 2020. Diet complexity of Lake Michigan salmonines: 2015-2016. J. Great Lakes Res. 46(4):1044-1057.

Shen, C., Q. Liao, and H.A. Bootsma. 2020. Modelling the influence of invasive mussels on phosphorus cycling in Lake Michigan. Ecological Modelling 416:108920.

Ngochera, M.J., and H.A. Bootsma. 2020. Spatial and temporal dynamics of pCO2 and CO2 flux in tropical Lake Malawi.  Limnol. Oceanogr. 65:1594-1607.

Bravo, H.R., H. Bootsma, and B. Khazaei. 2019. Fate of phosphorus from a point source in the Lake Michigan nearshore zone. J. Great Lakes Res. 45(6):1182-1196.

Cannon, D.J., C.D. Troy, Q. Liao, and H.A. Bootsma. 2019. Ice-free radiative convection drives spring mixing in a large lake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 46:6811-6820.

Bootsma, H.A., and R.E. Hecky. 2019.  Inputs, outputs, and internal cycling of phosphorus in tropical Lake Malawi. Pages 407-429 In, Steinman, A., and B. Spears (eds.), Internal phosphorus loading: Causes, case studies, and management. J. Ross Publishing, Plantation, FL, USA.

Turschak, B.A., S. Czesny, J.C. Doll, B.K. Grunert, T.O. Höök, J. Janssen, and H.A. Bootsma. 2019. Spatial variation in trophic structure of nearshore fishes in Lake Michigan as it relates to water clarity. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 76(3): 364-377.

Feiner, Z.S., C.J. Foley, R.K. Swihart, H. Bootsma, S. Czesny, J. Janssen, J. Rinchard, and T.O Hook. 2019. Individual and spatial variation are as important as species-level variation to the trophic complexity of a lentic food web. Ecol. Freshwat. Fish. 28(4):516-532.

Feiner, Z.A., C. Foley, H.A. Bootsma, S.J. Czesny, J. Janssen, J. Rinchard, and T.O. Höök. 2018. Species identity matters when interpreting trophic markers in aquatic food webs. PLoS One 13(10):e0204767.

Tyner, E.H., P. Jensen, M. Ngochera, and H.A. Bootsma. 2018. Escherichia coli (E. coli) distribution in the Lake Malawi nearshore zone. J. Great Lakes Res. 44(6):1281-1288.

Bootsma, H. 2018. Oceans, lakes and inland seas: A virtual issue on the large lakes of the world. Editorial for a special issue of Limnology and Oceanography on large lakes of the world.

Ngochera, M.J., and H.A. Bootsma. 2018. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content of seston and zooplankton in tropical Lake Malawi: Implications for zooplankton nutrient cycling.  Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. 21(2):185-192.

Shen, C., Q. Liao, H.A. Bootsma, C.D. Troy, and D. Cannon. 2018. Regulation of plankton and nutrient dynamics by profundal quagga mussels in Lake Michigan: A one dimensional model. Hydrobiologia 815:47-63. doi: 10.1007/s10750-018-3547-6.

Auer, M.T., H.A. Bootsma, and A. Kaczynski. 2017. Management of Great Lakes Cladophora: Modeling, research and monitoring.  Report submitted to Lake Erie Eastern Basin Research task force (led by Environment Canada).

Bravo, H.R., H. Bootsma, and B. Khazaei. 2017. Modeling the transport and fate of phosphorus from a point source in the Lake Michigan nearshore zone. Proceedings of the 37th IAHR World Congress, August 13-18, 2017, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Pilcher, D.J., G.A. McKinley, J. Kralj, H.A. Bootsma, and E.D. Reavie. 2017. Modeled sensitivity of Lake Michigan productivity and zooplankton to changing nutrient concentrations and quagga mussels. J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci. 122(8):2017-2032.

Foley, C., M.L. Henebry, A. Happel, H. Bootsma, S. Czesny, J. Janssen, D. Jude, J. Rinchard, and T. Höök. 2017. Patterns of integration of invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) into a nearshore freshwater food web.  Food Webs 10:26-38.

Bagalwa, M., Majaliwa, M., Kansiime, F., Bootsma, H.A., Karume, K. and Mushagalusa, N., 2016. The atmospheric deposition of phosphorus and nitrogen on Lake Kivu. RUFORUM Working Document Series. 14(2):1159-1169. https://repository.ruforum.org/system/tdf/Bagalwa%20M.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=37164&force=

Waples, J.T., H.A. Bootsma, and J.V. Klump. 2016.  How are coastal benthos fed? Limnol. Oceanogr. Letters 2(1):18-28. doi: 10.1002/lol2.10033.

Troy, C., D. Cannon, Q. Liao, and H.A. Bootsma. 2016. Logarithmic velocity structure in the deep hypolimnetic waters of Lake Michigan.  J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans. 121(1):949-965.

Tyner, E., H.A. Bootsma, and B. Moraska-Lafrancois. 2015. Dreissenid metabolism and ecosystem-scale effects as revealed by oxygen consumption. J. Great Lakes Res. 41 (Suppl. 3):27-37.

Turschak, B.A., and H.A. Bootsma. 2015. Lake Michigan trophic structure as revealed by C and N isotopes. J. Great Lakes Res. 41 (Suppl. 3):185-196.

Mosley, C.M., and H.A. Bootsma. 2015. Phosphorus cycling and grazing by profunda quagga mussels in Lake Michigan. J. Great Lakes Res. 41 (Suppl. 3):38-48.

Driscoll, Z.G., H.A. Bootsma, and E. Christiansen. 2015. Zooplankton trophic structure in Lake Michigan as revealed by stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. J. Great Lakes Res. 41 (Suppl. 3):104-114.

Bootsma, H.A., M.D. Rowe, C.N. Brooks, and H.A. Vanderploeg. 2015. Commentary: The need for model development related to Cladophora and nutrient management in Lake Michigan. J. Great Lakes Res. 41 (Suppl. 3):7-15.

Happel, A., Rinchard, J., Creque, S., Höök, T., Bootsma, H., Janssen, J., Jude, D., and Czesny, S.J. 2015. Spatio-temporal description of spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius) fatty acid profiles in Lake Michigan's southern basin. J. Great Lakes Res. 41 (Suppl. 3):179-184.

Happel, A., Lafountain, J., Rinchard, J., Creque, S., Höök, T., Bootsma, H., Janssen, J., Jude, D., and Czesny, S.J. 2015. Exploring yellow perch diets in Lake Michigan through stomach content, fatty acids, and stable isotope ratios J. Great Lakes Res. 41 (Suppl. 3):172-178.

Cleary, P.A., N. Fuhrman, L. Schulz, J. Schafer, J. Fillingham, H. Bootsma, J. McQueen, Y. Tang, S. McKeen, T. Langel, E.J. Williams, and S.S. Brown. 2015. Ozone distributions over southern Lake Michigan: Comparison between ferry-based observations, shoreline-based DOAS observations and model forecasts.  Atmos. Chem. Phys. 15: 5109-5122.

Pilcher, D.A., G.A. McKinley, H.A. Bootsma, and V. Bennington. 2015. Physical and biogeochemical mechanisms of internal carbon cycling in Lake Michigan. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans 120(3): 2112-2128.

Wang, B., Q. Liao, J.H. Fillingham, and H.A. Bootsma. 2015. On the coefficients of small eddy and surface divergence models for the air-water gas transfer velocity. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans 120: 2129-2146 doi:10.1002/2014JC010253.

Lepak, R., D. Krabbenhoft, J. Ogorek, M. Tate, H. Bootsma, and J. Hurley. 2015. Influence of Cladophora-quagga mussel assemblages on nearshore methylmercury production in Lake Michigan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 49: 7606-7613.

Phillips, J.C., G.A. McKinley, V. Bennington, H.A. Bootsma, D.J. Pilcher, R.W. Sterner, and N.R. Urban. 2015. The potential for CO2-induced acidification in freshwater: A Great Lake case study. Oceanography 28(2): 136-145.

Turschak, B.A., D. Bunnell, S. Czesny, T.O. Höök, J. Janssen, D. Warner, and H.A. Bootsma. 2014. Nearshore energy subsidies support Lake Michigan fishes and invertebrates following major changes in food web structure. Ecology 95(5): 1243-1252.

Bootsma, H.A., and Q. Liao. 2014. Nutrient cycling by dreissenid mussels: Controlling factors and ecosystem response. Pages 555-574 In: T.F. Nalepa and D.W. Schloesser (eds.), Quagga and zebra mussels: biology, impacts and control (2nd ed.). Taylor and Francis.

Wang, B., Liao, Q., Xiao, J., & Bootsma, H. A. 2013. A Free-Floating PIV System: Measurements of Small-Scale Turbulence under the Wind Wave Surface. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30:1494-1510.

Paige, K., J. Austin, H. Bootsma, G. Meadows, and S. Ruberg. 2013.  Freshwater observing: The Great Lakes Observing System contributions to regional and national observations. IOOS Summit Proceedings. http://www.iooc.us/summit/white-paper-submissions/community-white-paper-submissions/.

Liao, Q., and H.A. Bootsma. 2012.  In situ measurement and modeling of particle filtration rate by invasive quagga mussels in Lake Michigan.  Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Ecohydraulics, Sep. 17-21, Vienna, Austria.

Wang, B., Q. Liao, H.A. Bootsma, and P.-F. Wang. 2012.  A dual-beam-dual-camera method for a battery-powered underwater miniature PIV (UWMPIV) system.  Exp. Fluids 52(6):1401-1414.

Jamu, D., N.L. Andrew, H.A. Bootsma, and R.E. Hecky. 2011. Editorial: Reconciling livelihoods and aquatic ecosystem resilience in the lakes of Malawi. J. Great Lakes Res. 37:1-2.

Ngochera, M.J., and H.A. Bootsma. 2011. Temporal trends of phytoplankton and zooplankton stable isotope composition in tropical Lake Malawi. J. Great Lakes Res. 37:45-53.

Auer, M.T., L.M. Tomlinson, S.N. Higgins, S.Y. Malkin, E.T. Howell, and H.A. Bootsma. 2010. Great Lakes Cladophora in the 21st century: same algae, different ecosystem. J. Great Lakes Res. 36:248-255.

Tomlinson, L.M., M.T. Auer, H.A. Bootsma, and E.M. Owens. 2010. The Great Lakes Cladophora model: Development, testing, and application to Lake Michigan. J. Great Lakes Res. 36:287-297.

Bootsma, H.A. 2009. Causes, consequences, and management of nuisance Cladophora.  Project GL-00E06901. Report submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Program Office. Chicago, IL.

Auer, M.T., and H.A. Bootsma. 2009. Cladophora in the Great Lakes: Guidance for water quality managers. Pp. 71-81 In Nearshore Areas of the Great Lakes 2009.  State of the Lakes Ecosystem Conference 2008 background paper.  Environment Canada and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. http://binational.net/solec/sogl2009/SOGL_2009_nearshore_en.pdf.

Consi, T.R., G. Anderson, G. Barski, H. Bootsma, T. Hansen, J. Janssen, V. Klump, R. Paddock, D. Szmania and J.T. Waples. 2009. Measurement of Spring Thermal Stratification in Lake Michigan with the GLUCOS Observing System.  Proceedings of the MTS/IEEE Oceans 2009 Conference, Biloxi, Mississippi.

Liao, Q., H.A. Bootsma, J.Xiao, J.V. Klump, A. Hume, M.L. Herman, P. Berg. 2009. Development of an in situ underwater particle image velocimetry (UWPIV) system. Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods.: 7:169-184.

Aldstadt, J.H., H.A. Bootsma, and J.L. Ammerman.  2009. Chemical properties of water.  In, G.E. Likens (ed.), Encyclopedia of Inland Waters. Vol. 3, pp. 139-147. Oxford: Elsevier.

Consi, T.R., G. Anderson, G. Barske, H. Bootsma, T. Hansen, J. Janssen, V. Klump, R. Paddock, D. Szamania, K. Verhein, and J.T. Waples. 2008. Real time observation of the thermal bar and spring stratification of Lake Michigan with the GLUCOS coastal observatory.  Proceedings of the MTS/IEEE Oceans 2008 Conference, Quebec City, Canada.

Bootsma, H.A., E.B. Young, and J.A. Berges. 2008. Water quality management options to control Cladophora growth in the Milwaukee region of Lake Michigan. Great Lakes WATER Institute Technical Report No. 2008-01(56).

Bootsma, H.A., B.T. Maybruck, S.A. Faude, and J.S. Schafer. 2008. Modeling of thermal impacts on benthic algae.  Pages 12-1 – 12-10 In Proceedings: Second Thermal Ecology and Regulation Workshop: October 2-3, 2007.  EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2008. 1016809.   Pages 12-1 – 12-10.

Consi, T.R., G. Barske, H. Bootsma, T. Hansen, J. Janssen, J. Kipp, V. Klump, R. Paddock, D. Szmania, and J. T. Waples. 2007. The Great Lakes Urban Coastal Observing System (GLUCOS): Results of first deployments in coastal Lake Michigan.  Proceedings of the MTS/IEEE Oceans 2007 Conference, Vancouver, BC.

Ruddy, B.A., D.T. Qadah, J.H. Aldstadt, III, and H.A. Bootsma. 2008. Improving analytical confidence in the determination of PCBs in complex matrices by a sequential GC-MS/MS approach. Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem.  88(5): 337-351.

Guildford, S.J., H.A. Bootsma, W.D. Taylor, and R.E. Hecky. 2007. High variability of phytoplankton photosynthesis in response to environmental forcing in oligotrophic Lake Malawi/Nyasa. J. Great Lakes Res. 33(1): 170-185.

Tomlinson, L.M., S.N. Higgins, S.Y. Malkin, E. T. Howell, H.A. Bootsma, and  M.T. Auer. 2006. Great Lakes water quality agreement annex III technical sub-group, report of the Cladophora modeling team.  22 pages. Submitted to the International Joint Commission.

Airzone One Ltd., and H.A. Bootsma. 2006. The equatorial African deposition network (EADN).  Program manual for monitoring atmospheric deposition of nutrients and other contaminants in the equatorial region of Africa.  275 pp.  (Manual prepared for the Global Environmental Facility).

Consi, T.R. G. Barske, H. Bootsma, T. Hansen, J. Janssen, V. Klump, R. Paddock, and J.T. Waples. 2006. GLUCOS: The Great Lakes Urban Coastal Observing System, Proceedings of the MTS/IEEE Oceans 2006 Conference, Boston, MA, Sept. 18-21, 2006.

Hecky, R.E., H.A. Bootsma, and E.O.  Odada. 2006. African lake management initiatives: the global connection.  Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management 11(4): 203-213.

Scott, B.F., C. Spencer, J.W. Martin, R. Barra, H.A. Bootsma, K.C. Jones, A.E. Johnston, and D.C.G. Muir. 2005. Comparison of haloacetic acids in the environment of the northern and southern hemispheres.  Environ. Sci. Technol. 39:8664-8670.  Available at http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=10.1021/es050118l.

Vollmer, M.K., H.A. Bootsma, R.E. Hecky, G. Patterson, J.D. Halfman, .J.M. Edmond, D.H. Eccles, and R.F. Weiss. 2005.  Deep-water warming trend in Lake Malawi, East Africa.  Limnol. Oceanogr. 50: 727-732.

Bootsma, H.A., E.B. Young, and J.A. Berges (eds.). 2005. Cladophora research and management in the Great Lakes.  Proceedings of workshop, December 2004.  Special Report No. 2005-01, UWM Great Lakes WATER Institute.

Bootsma, H.A., E.B. Young, and J.A. Berges. 2005. Temporal and spatial patterns of Cladophora biomass and nutrient stoichiometry in Lake Michigan. Pp. 81-88 In Bootsma, H.A., E.B. Young, and J.A. Berges (eds.). 2005. Cladophora research and management in the Great Lakes.  Proceedings of workshop, December 2004.  Special Report No. 2005-01, UWM Great Lakes WATER Institute.

Young, E.G., J.A. Berges, and H.A. Bootsma. 2005. Can activity of enzymes involved in nutrient assimilation be useful as indices of nutrient status in Cladophora?  Pp. 89-95 In Bootsma, H.A., E.B. Young, and J.A. Berges (eds.). 2005. Cladophora research and management in the Great Lakes.  Proceedings of workshop, December 2004.  Special Report No. 2005-01, UWM Great Lakes WATER Institute.

Duponchelle, F., A.J. Ribbink, A. Msukwa, J. Mafuka, D. Mandere, and H. Bootsma. 2005.  Food partitioning within the species-rich benthic fish community of Lake Malawi, East Africa. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62:1651-1664.

Bootsma, H.A., and S.E. Jorgensen. 2004. Lake Malawi / Nyasa. P. 259-276 In Nakamura, M. (ed.), Managing Lake Basins; Practical Approaches for Sustainable Use.  International Lake Environment Committee (ILEC). http://www.ilec.or.jp/eg/lbmi/pdf/16_Lake_Malawi_Nyasa_27February2006.pdf

Bootsma, H.A., and R.E. Hecky. 2003. A comparative introduction to the biology and limnology of the African Great Lakes. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (Suppl. 2):3-18.

Bootsma, H.A., R.E. Hecky, T.C. Johnson, H.J. Kling, and J. Mwita. 2003. Inputs, outputs, and internal cycling of silica in a large, tropical lake.  Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (suppl. 2): 121-138.

Hamblin, P. F., H.A. Bootsma, and R.E. Hecky. 2003.  Modelling nutrient upwelling in Lake Malawi/Nyasa.  Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (Suppl. 2): 34-47.

Guildford, S.J., R.E. Hecky, W.D. Taylor, R. Mugidde, and H.A. Bootsma. 2003. Nutrient enrichment experiments in tropical Great Lakes Malawi/Nyasa and Victoria. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (Suppl. 2): 89-106.

Higgins, S.N., H.J. Kling, R.E. Hecky, W.D. Taylor, and H.A. Bootsma. 2003. The community composition, distribution, and nutrient status of epilithic periphyton at five rocky littoral zone sites in Lake Malawi, Africa. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (Suppl. 2): 181-189.

Hecky, R.E., H.A. Bootsma, and M.J. Kingdon. 2003.  Impact of land use on sediment and nutrient yields to Lake Malawi/Nyasa (Africa).  Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (Suppl. 2): 139-158.

Kidd, K.A., H.A. Bootsma, R.H. Hesslein, W.L. Lockhart, and R.E. Hecky. 2003.  Mercury concentrations in the food web of Lake Malawi, East Africa. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (Suppl. 2): 258-266.

Ramlal, P.S., R.E. Hecky, H.A. Bootsma, S.L. Schiff, and M.J. Kingdon. 2003. Sources and fluxes of organic carbon in Lake Malawi/Nyasa. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (Suppl. 2): 107-120.

Hamblin, P.F., H.A. Bootsma, and R.E. Hecky. 2003. Surface meteorological observations over Lake Malawi/Nyasa.  J. Great Lakes Res. 29 (Suppl. 2): 19-33.

Hamblin, P.F., P. Verburg, P. Roebber, H.A. Bootsma, and R.E. Hecky. 2002. Observations, evaporation and preliminary modelling of over-lake meteorology on large African lakes.  Pages 121-151In Odada, E.O., and D.O. Olago (eds.), The East African Great Lakes: Limnology, Palaeolimnology and Biodiversity.   Advances in Global Change Research, Vol. 12.  Kluwer, the Netherlands.

Lam, D.C.L., L. Leon, R.E. Hecky, H. Bootsma, and R.C. McCrimmon. 2002. A modelling approach for Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: Integrating hydrological and limnological data.  Pages 189-208 In Olago, D.O., and E.O Odada (eds.), The East African Great Lakes: Limnology, Paleolimnology and Biodiversity. Advances in Global Research. Kluwer.

Vollmer, M.K., R.F. Weiss, and H.A. Bootsma. 2002. Ventilation of Lake Malawi/Nyasa. Pages 209-233 In Olago, D.O., and E.O Odada (eds.), The East African Great Lakes: Limnology, Paleolimnology and Biodiversity. Advances in Global Research. Kluwer.

Bootsma, H.A. 2001. Hydrodynamic measurements at the Wisconsin Electric water intake, Point Beach, Lake Michigan.  Special Report No. 2001-01, UWM Great Lakes WATER Institute.

Kidd, K.A., H.A. Bootsma, R. H. Hesslein, D.C.G. Muir, and R.E. Hecky. 2001.  Biomagnification of DDT through the benthic and pelagic food webs of Lake Malawi, East Africa: Importance of trophic level and carbon source.  Environ. Sci. Technol. 35:14-20.

Bootsma, H.A., and R.E. Hecky. 2001.  Initial measurements of benthic photosynthesis in Lake Malawi.  Pages 31-45 In Munawar, M., and R.E. Hecky (eds.), Great Lakes of the World (GLOW): Food-web, health and integrity. Ecovision World Monograph Series. Backhuys, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Duponchelle, F., H. Bootsma, A.J. Ribbink, C. Davis, A. Msukwa, J. Mafuka, and D. Mandere. 2000. Temporal diet patterns of some Lake Malawi demersal fish species as revealed by stomach contents and stable isotope analysis. Fish Ecology Report. SADC/GEF Lake Malawi /Nyasa Biodiversity Conservation Project, 189-201.

Bootsma, H.A., and R.E. Hecky. 2000. Inputs, outputs and internal cycling of silica in Lake Malawi.  IDEAL 2nd International Conference Symposium. Pan African START Secretariat, pp. 21-22.

Karlsson, H., D.C.G. Muir, C.F. Teixiera, D. A. Burniston, W.M.J. Strachan, R.E. Hecky, J. Mwita, H. A. Bootsma, N. P. Grift, K.A. Kidd, B. Rosenberg. 2000. Persistent Chlorinated Pesticides in Air, Water and Precipitation from the Lake Malawi Area, Southern Africa.  Environ. Sci. Technol. 34: 4490-4495. Subscribers can view at http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ES001053J

Cotner, J.B., R.H. Sada, H.A. Bootsma, T. Johengen, J.F. Cavaletto, and W.S. Gardner. 2000.  Nutrient limitation of heterotrophic bacteria in Florida Bay.  Estuaries 23: 611-620.

Bootsma, H.A.  2000.  Book review: Ecological Dynamics of Tropical Inland Waters (J.F. Talling and J. Lemoalle, eds.), Limnology and Oceanography 45(2): 523

Guildford, S.J., H.A. Bootsma, E.J. Fee, R.E. Hecky, and G. Patterson. 2000.  Phytoplankton nutrient status and mean water column irradiance in Lakes Malawi and Superior.  Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 3: 35-45.

Gardner, W.S., P.J. Lavrentyev, H.A. Bootsma, J.F. Cavaletto, F. Troncone, and J.B. Cotner. 2000.  Effects of natural light on nitrogen dynamics in diverse aquatic environments. Verhandlungen Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie (Proceedings of the 1998 SIL conference in Dublin, Ireland) 27: 64-73.

Bootsma, H.A., and R.E. Hecky. 1999. Water Quality Report, Lake Malawi / Nyasa Biodiversity Conservation Project.  SADC / GEF. http://www.uwm.edu/~hbootsma/Lake%20Malawi/WQR/WQR.htm

Gardner, W.S., H.A. Bootsma, F. Troncone, P.J. Lavrentyev, and J.F. Cavaletto. 1998. Nitrogen cycling rates and light effects in tropical Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela.  Limnology and Oceanography 43(8): 1814-1825.

Lavrentyev, P.J., H.A. Bootsma, T.H. Johengen, J.F. Cavaletto, and W.S. Gardner. 1998. Microbial plankton response to resource limitation: insights from the community structure and seston stoichiometry in Florida Bay, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 165: 45-57.

Bootsma, H.A., R.E. Hecky, R.H. Hesslein, and G.F. Turner. 1996. Food partitioning among Lake Malawi nearshore fishes as revealed by stable isotope analyses. Ecology 77: 97-101.

Bootsma, H.A., M.J. Bootsma, and R.E. Hecky. 1996. The chemical composition of precipitation and its significance to the nutrient budget of Lake Malawi. Pages 251-265 In T.C. Johnson and E.O. Odada (eds.), The Limnology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes. Gordon and Breach, Toronto.

Hecky, R.E., H.A. Bootsma, R. Mugidde, and F.W.B. Bugenyi. 1996. Phosphorus pumps, nitrogen sinks, silicon drains; plumbing nutrients in the African Great Lakes. In T.C. Johnson and E.O. Odada (eds.), The Limnology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes. Gordon and Breach, Toronto.

Gardner, W.S., H.A. Bootsma, C. Evans, and P.A. St. John. 1995. Improved chromatographic analysis of 15N:14N ratios in ammonium or nitrate for isotope addition experiments. Marine Chemistry 48: 271-282.

Bootsma, H.A. 1993. Algal dynamics in tropical Lake Malawi, and their relation to hydrographic and meteorological conditions. Ph.D. dissertation. 311 pp.

Bootsma, H.A., and R.E. Hecky. 1993. Conservation of the African Great Lakes: A limnological perspective. Conservation Biology (Special Issue) 7: 644-656.

Bootsma, H.A. 1993. Spatio-temporal variation of phytoplankton biomass in Lake Malawi, Central Africa. Verhandlungen Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie (Proceedings of the 1992 SIL conference in Barcelona, Spain) 25: 882-886.

Bootsma, H.A., R.E. Hecky and E.J. Fee. 1992. The relation of surface water nitrate concentration to morphometry and hydrology in large lakes. (Presented at the December 1992 meeting of the American Geophysical Union). Eos 73: 197 (Abstract).

Bootsma, H.A. 1992. Lake Malawi National Park: An overview. Mitteilungen Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie 23:125-128.

Bootsma, H.A. 1990. Protecting the unique fishes of Lake Malawi. Sea Wind (Bulletin of the International Marinelife Alliance) 4: 6-12.