Events

Solving Atomic Structures of Molecules and Nanoclusters Using Superfluid Helium Droplet Cooling and Laser Alignment
Wei Kong
Department Head & Professor, Department of Chemistry - Oregon State University

We are building a prototype experimental apparatus to determine the atomic structures of molecules and nanoclusters using electron diffraction. We use superfluid helium droplets for cooling, thereby achieving effective field-induced orientation and alignment of the sample species. Electron diffraction patterns from the chosen orientation can then be accumulated until a satisfactory signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained.

How Dark is Space?
Tod R. Lauer
Astronomer, NOIRLab

We used NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft to measure the cosmic optical background (COB) intensity integrated over 0.4 ≲ λ ≲ 0.9 μm. The survey comprises 16 high Galactic-latitude fields. Images were obtained with the LORRI camera when New Horizons was 57 AU distant from the Sun. As such, the sky intensity measurements were unaffected by zodiacal light, which strongly interferes with COB measurements attempted from the inner solar system. T he survey yields a highly significant detection (6.8σ) of the COB at 11.16 ± 1.65 (1.47 sys, 0.75 ran) nW m−2 sr−1 at the LORRI pivot wavelength of 0.608 μm. The estimated integrated intensity from background galaxies, 8.17 ± 1.18 nW m−2 sr−1, can account for the great majority of this signal. The rest of the COB signal is formally classified as anomalous intensity but is not significantly different from zero. The simplest interpretation is that the COB is completely due to galaxies.

Better Together: Combining the Strengths of Rubin, Euclid, and Roman for Time-domain Science and Cosmology
Charlotte Ward
Assistant Professor, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics in the Eberly College of Sciences at Penn State

We have entered an exciting decade for survey science, with space-based surveys such as Euclid and Roman and ground-based surveys such as Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) providing overlapping imaging datasets across the optical and IR. LSST will identify thousands of tidal disruption events (TDEs) and millions of AGN and supernovae – including hundreds of gravitationally lensed supernovae (gLSNe) from which we can measure the Hubble Constant.

Bringing XFEL Science to the Laboratory: Commissioning the Compact X-ray Light Source at Arizona State University
Sabine Botha, Research Assistant Professor, Department of Physics
Arizona State University

Compact accelerator-driven X-ray sources are emerging as a new class of laboratory-scale facilities capable of delivering capabilities traditionally available only at large national user facilities. At Arizona State University, the Compact X-ray Light Source (CXLS) is currently undergoing commissioning, while its successor, the Compact X-ray Free Electron Laser (CXFEL), is under construction. Together, these instruments aim to bring ultrashort, high-brightness X-ray pulses into the university laboratory, enabling new opportunities in structural biology, medical imaging, atomic, molecular and optical physics, and the study of condensed matter and quantum materials.