The PhD program involves course work, proficiency in a second language, a preliminary examination, a dissertation, and a final defense. Students entering the PhD program must have an MA or equivalent degree by the time of enrollment. Students who did not receive their MA or equivalent degree from UWM must pass an Academic Review. Students must pass their preliminary examination within five years from the date of initial enrollment in the doctoral program and must complete all degree requirements within a total of ten years in the doctoral program.