{"id":5055,"date":"2023-01-06T11:35:17","date_gmt":"2023-01-06T17:35:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/safety-health\/?page_id=5055"},"modified":"2024-10-21T14:16:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T19:16:21","slug":"primary-cells-cell-lines","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/safety-health\/biosafety\/biological-materials\/primary-cells-cell-lines\/","title":{"rendered":"Primary Cells &amp; Cell Lines"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/safety-health\/biosafety\/biological-materials\/\">Back to Biological Materials page<\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Definition<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Primary Cells<\/strong> are human or animal cells collected directly from tissues or organs and cultured or maintained <em>in vitro<\/em> for experimentation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cell Lines<\/strong> are cultures of human or animal cells that can be propagated repeatedly or indefinitely. Cell lines that can be passaged and grown indefinitely are referred to as\u00a0<em>immortalized cell lines<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h1>Requirements for working with Human and Non-Human Primate cells<\/h1>\n<p><strong><span class=\"collapseomatic \" id=\"id69f4e515ece41\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Work must be conducted within Biosafety Level 2 containment and the Occupational Safety &amp; Health Administration Bloodborne Pathogens program\"    >Work must be conducted within Biosafety Level 2 containment and the Occupational Safety &amp; Health Administration Bloodborne Pathogens program<\/span><div id=\"target-id69f4e515ece41\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \"><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While most cell lines themselves are not hazardous, human and non-human primate cells can carry a range of biohazardous agents and are therefore interpreted by most regulatory and advisory agencies as potentially infectious materials:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Occupational Safety &amp; Health Administration (OSHA) considers all human cell lines to be within the scope of the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, unless they have been characterized to be free of a range of bloodborne pathogens including, but not limited to, hepatitis viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human papillomaviruses <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/laws-regs\/standardinterpretations\/1994-06-21\">[OSHA Standard Interpretations: Applicability of 1910.1030 to establish human cell lines]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) recommends that all mammalian cell lines be handled as potentially hazardous using Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) practices <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/the-science\/culturing-cells\/biocontainment-and-safety\">[ATCC Biocontainment &amp; Safety]<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) also recommend that all human and non-human primate cells be handled using BSL-2 practices and containment <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\">[CDC\/NIH Biosafety in Microbiological &amp; Biomedical Laboratories Appendix H: Working with Human, Non-Human Primate (NHP), and Other Mammalian Cells and Tissues]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In alignment with OSHA, ATCC, CDC, and NIH interpretations and guidelines, UWM considers all human and non-human primate cell lines &amp; organ cultures to be <strong>potentially biohazardous <\/strong>materials that must be handled under <strong>BSL-2 containment<\/strong> and in alignment with the <strong>OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard.<\/div><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"collapseomatic \" id=\"id69f4e515ecec9\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Submit your work for approval by the Institutional Biosafety Committee\"    >Submit your work for approval by the Institutional Biosafety Committee<\/span><div id=\"target-id69f4e515ecec9\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \"><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Principal Investigators and Instructors who wish to work with human or NHP cell lines or organ cultures must submit a biosafety protocol to the IBC for review and approval before beginning work<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Submit to the IBC online via iManager. <a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/ibc\/biosafety-protocol\/\">Click here to access the submission system and submission instructions.<\/a> Fill out the form as completely as possible, and provide any additional pertinent information that may assist the committee in assessing risks associated with your work.<\/li>\n<li>The IBC will determine the final biosafety level appropriate for the work proposed. Research should not begin until IBC approval is granted.<\/li>\n<li>The IBC may consider petitions to lower containment to BSL-1 if submissions include documentation of screening for bloodborne pathogens conducted at the Principal Investigator&#8217;s expense. Submission of this documentation does not guarantee that lower containment will be appropriate.<\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span class=\"collapseomatic \" id=\"id69f4e515eceff\"  tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Complete required training\"    >Complete required training<\/span><div id=\"target-id69f4e515eceff\" class=\"collapseomatic_content \"><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Biosafety and OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens trainings are required for all individuals working with human or non-human primate cells &amp; cell lines. Find complete biosafety training requirements on the <a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/safety-health\/biosafety-training\/\">Biosafety Training webpage<\/a>.<\/div>\n<h1>Requirements for working with other animal cells<\/h1>\n<p>Other animal cell lines may be handled at BSL-1 unless known to be infected with or carrying a biohazardous agent, in which case the cells must be handled at the BSL appropriate for the agent. If infected with or carrying a biohazardous agent, this work must also be submitted to and reviewed by the IBC. <a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/ibc\/biosafety-protocol\/\">Click here to access the submission system and submission instructions.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Back to Biological Materials page Definition Primary Cells are human or animal cells collected directly from tissues or organs and cultured or maintained in vitro for experimentation. Cell Lines are cultures of human or animal cells that can be propagated&#8230; <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/safety-health\/biosafety\/biological-materials\/primary-cells-cell-lines\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30796,"featured_media":0,"parent":4997,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"class_list":["post-5055","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Primary Cells &amp; Cell Lines - FAA USA Safety and Health Programs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/safety-health\/biosafety\/biological-materials\/primary-cells-cell-lines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Primary Cells &amp; Cell Lines\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Back to Biological Materials page Definition Primary Cells are human or animal cells collected directly from tissues or organs and cultured or maintained in vitro for experimentation. 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