{"id":16289,"date":"2025-06-18T09:40:49","date_gmt":"2025-06-18T14:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?p=16289"},"modified":"2025-06-18T11:04:51","modified_gmt":"2025-06-18T16:04:51","slug":"june-beetle-redux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/june-beetle-redux\/","title":{"rendered":"June Beetle redux"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Greetings, BugFans,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2025 \u2013&nbsp;<\/strong>One of the BugLady\u2019s daughters gave her a subscription to Storyworth for her birthday, so she has been working her way through weekly questions.&nbsp;It\u2019s sobering to realize that she and her sisters are the Keepers of the Family Lore.&nbsp;Anyway, a recent question asked if she believed in magic, and, if yes, what examples could she give?&nbsp;The BugLady finds magic everywhere \u2013 in sandhill cranes bugling far overhead, in the raucous chorus of a thousand spring peepers, in the icebergs that float by her cottage, in a cloud of Monarchs rising from a clump of goldenrod, in Tiger Swallowtails, Luna Moths, phantom crane flies \u2013 you get the picture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Years ago, she was leading a Woodcock and Frog Walk on an unseasonably warm evening at the end of April, and as the group stood at the edge of the field in the dark, listening to the sky dance of a Woodcock, we could hear the sound of June bugs emerging from the ground and flying away.&nbsp;Magic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"alignleft uwm-c-img--left\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug17-1rz-300x300.webp\" alt=\"June beetle on screen\" class=\"wp-image-16291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug17-1rz-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug17-1rz-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug17-1rz.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2014 \u2013<\/strong>&nbsp;June bug clarification:&nbsp;a number of different genera of beetles in various regions of America are also popularly called June bugs\/May beetles.&nbsp;Some are <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/2304753\/bgimage\">green<\/a> and some are <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/1266419\">striped<\/a>, but most are gray\/brown\/rust-colored.&nbsp;There\u2019s even a conspicuous on-line image of a Japanese beetle, genus&nbsp;<em>Popillia<\/em>, labeled as a June beetle, and one exterminator website displays a picture of a beautiful Dogbane leaf beetle (possibly the most <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/2317088\/bgimage\">beautiful beetle ever<\/a>) with a June beetle caption.&nbsp;Caveat emptor.&nbsp;OUR June bugs, in the genus&nbsp;<em>Phyllophaga<\/em>, are the&nbsp;<em>real<\/em>&nbsp;ones.&nbsp;Just sayin.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, today we will consider one of the BugLady\u2019s favorite beetles, and not for the last time, revisit the word \u201cbug.\u201d&nbsp;The June \u201cbug\u201d is not a True Bug.&nbsp;True Bugs are in the order Hemiptera (\u201chalf-wings\u201d) (because in the original order Hemiptera &#8211; not the new, improved, \u201clumped\u201d order that combines Hemiptera and Homoptera &#8211; Hemipterans characteristically had forewings that were leathery on the proximal half, with the membranous distal half folded underneath. Beetles (the order Coleoptera &#8211; \u201csheath wings\u201d), have two pairs of wings. The hardened front pair, called the&nbsp;<em>elytra<\/em>, cover and protect two membranous hind wings that are used for flying.&nbsp;In flight, the elytra are held out to the side, which causes beetles to look like tiny bi-planes and to fly and land awkwardly.&nbsp;After a beetle lands, its flying wings don\u2019t always get tucked in neatly.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"alignright uwm-c-img--right\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-4-300x300.webp\" alt=\"Beetle flipped over\" class=\"wp-image-16294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-4-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-4-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-4.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>If JBs are \u201cclumsy;\u201d they are also described as sticky-legged and \u201cclingy.\u201d&nbsp;They love grabbing screens, and they will hold onto clothing with their long, gangly legs (in a totally non-menacing way, of course). When JBs fall off the BugLady\u2019s door and land on their backs, they spin around, glaring up at her, struggling to right themselves.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>JBs are members of the Scarab family (Scarabaeidae), renowned by ancient Egyptians. Scarabs, no matter what their species or size or shape or color, have small, <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/1840844\/bgimage\">flat plates at the tips of their antennae<\/a>&nbsp;that they can open like a fan. June beetles have three plates, which are held at right angles to the antenna.&nbsp;There are roughly 400 members of the genus&nbsp;<em>Phyllophaga<\/em>&nbsp;north of Mexico, and many species cannot be distinguished without looking at their \u201cnaughty bits.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"alignleft uwm-c-img--left\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-10-300x300.webp\" alt=\"Beetle behind screen in dark\" class=\"wp-image-16295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-10-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-10-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-10.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>When they are not eating leaves, the nocturnal June beetles come to lights.&nbsp;They are a group that carries on its affairs in darkness \u2013 in fact, Wikipedia cryptically states that adults die after being exposed to the light for too long.&nbsp;A number of years ago, the local June beetle population boomed, and the sounds of June bugs as they flew into and fed in the trees at night was loud enough to be mistaken for a breeze rustling the leaves. June bugs spend the day sheltered under the ground (or in the woven, front door mat) without tearing their flying wings, thanks to those elytra. They emerge after sunset over a period of several hours; yet at dawn, the whole population disappears within ten minutes. A June bug got into the BugLady\u2019s house one night, and the cats found it the next day in the rug, burrowed under the foot of a chair.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"alignright uwm-c-img--right\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-7-300x300.webp\" alt=\"June beetle in web\" class=\"wp-image-16292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-7-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-7-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-7.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The diurnal manifestations of June beetles generally consist of individuals snagged in spider webs by the porch light (the BugLady can\u2019t help but admire the pluck of these small spiders), or as high-fiber elytra, discarded on the ground, evidence of someone\u2019s midnight snack.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the excellent&nbsp;A Guide to Observing Insect Lives&nbsp;by Donald Stokes, the females of many species have such short wings that they are essentially flightless (so the beetle that crashes your party is probably a male). Females attract their mates via an airborne pheromone, which gives the old \u201cCome hither\u201d to males within twenty yards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A female lays 50 to 100 eggs, a few at a time, in \u201ccells\u201d that she excavates in the soil. The eggs hatch soon afterward, and although some species of June beetles may live a total of three or four years, they spend most of that time as grubs. Insects that live longer than the usual eight or nine months must make plans to survive winters, and they also have the opportunity to develop an immune system.\u00a0The June beetle overwinters as a grub, below the frost line, for its first two years and although it pupates at the end of the next summer and emerges as an adult shortly afterward, it spends its third winter underground as an adult<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"alignleft uwm-c-img--left\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-6-300x300.webp\" alt=\"Beetle shells on gravel\" class=\"wp-image-16293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-6-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-6-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/junebug08-6.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>June beetle larvae (the larvae of beetles are often called \u201cgrubs\u201d) are known to people who grow lawns and gardens as \u201cwhite grubs\u201d (an inaccurate generic term).&nbsp;They are sometimes pests of grasses and agricultural crops (the BugLady has a color slide of a June beetle grub feeding on a newly-dug potato) and will move on down a row of plants, nibbling the roots of each plant as they go. Adults eat leaves of a variety of trees (\u201c<em>Phyllophaga<\/em>\u201d means \u201cleaf eater\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"alignright uwm-c-img--right\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/june-bug14-6-300x300.webp\" alt=\"Side view of beetle walking\" class=\"wp-image-16296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/june-bug14-6-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/june-bug14-6-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2025\/06\/june-bug14-6.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The larvae of the spectacular American <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/1271561\">Pelecinid wasp<\/a>&nbsp;are parasitic on some ground-dwelling beetle grubs, including June beetles.&nbsp;Ms. Pelecinid bores her impressive ovipositor into the soil and deposits her eggs on her young\u2019s larvae.&nbsp;A few flies are parasitoids of the adults.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, to summarize: June bugs are beetles (not bugs) that often appear at the end of May (and so are sometimes called May Beetles) and can be found through part of July (but are never called July Bugs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The BugLady<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"taxonomy-post_tag wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/tag\/beetles\/\" rel=\"tag\">Beetles<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/tag\/june-bettles\/\" rel=\"tag\">June bettles<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/tag\/scarab-beetle\/\" rel=\"tag\">scarab beetle<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Greetings, BugFans, 2025 \u2013&nbsp;One of the BugLady\u2019s daughters gave her a subscription to Storyworth for her birthday, so she has been working her way through weekly questions.&nbsp;It\u2019s sobering to realize that she and her sisters are the Keepers of the &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38860,"featured_media":16290,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[8],"tags":[30,933,934],"class_list":["post-16289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bug-of-the-week","tag-beetles","tag-june-bettles","tag-scarab-beetle"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Field Station<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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