{"id":13063,"date":"2022-07-06T09:31:07","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T14:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?p=13063"},"modified":"2024-12-26T13:40:31","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:40:31","slug":"early-summer-scenes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/early-summer-scenes\/","title":{"rendered":"Early Summer Scenes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Howdy, BugFans,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Well, the sun has solsticed, and it\u2019s all downhill from here. Our pre-Christian, Germanic ancestors, who were more intimately attuned to the rhythms of the sun, correctly celebrated the winter solstice, aka Yule (which may have come from the Norse word houl<\/em>, which referred to the sun as the wheel that changed the seasons). They recognized that the winter solstice marked a turning point that would lead to longer, warmer days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the BugLady\u2019s neck of the woods, the insect world is dominated these days by mining, sweat, and bumble bees and by lots of flies, including a big hatch of mosquitoes that timed their appearance to coincide with the Riveredge Butterfly and Dragonfly count (causing the BugLady to move along the trail rather smartly). Here\u2019s what she\u2019s been seeing in the run-up to summer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

STILT BUG ON FERN: This started out as a fern fiddlehead picture – the BugLady did not see the stilt bug when she took the picture, it was one of those happy surprises that photographers get when they put an image up on the monitor. Most stilt bugs\/thread bugs are plant-eaters that supplement their diet of plant juices with the odd, small invertebrate. Some are more \u201cmeat-oriented,\u201d and one species is used to control Tobacco hornworms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

CRAB SPIDER: A friend of the BugLady\u2019s recently asked where all of the beautiful, plump crab spiders are. They\u2019re here, but they have some growing to do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

KATYDID NYMPH: And another friend, from Southern climes, asked if the BugLady was seeing katydids yet. Same answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

TIGER BEETLE: The BugLady loves seeing the flashy, green Six-spotted tiger beetles. Usually they perch on a bare path, wait until you get too close, fly ahead of you about a foot above the ground, land, and repeat the process when you get too close again. Until this year, the BugLady had never seen one off the ground, but she\u2019s photographed three in the past month. Get to know Wisconsin\u2019s tiger beetles at this site <\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

MILLIPEDE ON RUST: Millipedes are decomposers\/detritivores, feeding on dung, plant juices, and pieces of dead plant materials like decaying leaves, breaking them down for organisms even smaller than they are. Some like fungi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

If you\u2019ve seen the invasive shrubs Glossy and Common buckthorn, you\u2019ve probably seen stems and petioles with a bright orange blob on it. The blob is a rust \u2013 a fungus \u2013 called Crown rust (Puccinia coronata<\/em>). Buckthorn is one of its hosts, and the<\/p>\n\n\n\n

alternate hosts are a variety of grasses, including agricultural crops like oats and rye. If you see grass leaves with thin orange streaks on them, you\u2019re probably seeing a variety of crown rust. Crown rust has a complicated life cycle<\/a>, but the bottom line here is that the rust on buckthorn releases its spores in a soupy, sweet liquid that attracts insects, and the insects carry the spores to rust patches on other buckthorns and fertilize them. The rust probably doesn\u2019t get much bang for its buck when its spores are eaten by a short-legged pedestrian like a millipede.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

BALTIMORE CHECKERSPOT CATERPILLER: The astonishing Baltimore Checkerspot <\/i><\/a> [2] <\/i><\/a>, and its caterpillar, is one of the BugLady\u2019s favorites. This caterpillar hatched last summer and munched on its host plant (historically white turtlehead, but in the past 50 years, they\u2019ve adopted Lance-leaved\/English plantain, and those are the only two plants a female will oviposit on). It overwintered as a caterpillar, woke up hungry this spring, and looked around, \u2013 no turtlehead in sight yet – so it\u2019s been eating a variety of plants, especially white ash. Both turtlehead and plantain leaves contain poisonous glycosides (turtlehead has more), allowing the caterpillar and butterfly to get away with their gaudy colors. And remember \u2013 the butterfly (and the oriole) get their names not because they were discovered in that city, but because 17th century English nobleman Lord Baltimore, a familiar figure to the colonists, dressed his servants in orange and black livery. Get to know Wisconsin\u2019s butterflies at this site <\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

MONARCHS: Most of the Monarchs that return to Wisconsin are probably Gen 2 \u2013 the second generation north of their wintering ground in Mexico. There ensues two short-lived generations \u2013 Gen 3 and 4 \u2013 whose only job is to increase the population, and these two clearly got the memo. Gen 5, produced in August, is the generation that is signaled by both waning day length and the lowering angle of the sun to migrate instead of reproducing (though there always seem to be a few that didn\u2019t get that<\/em> memo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

BEE ON LEATHERWOOD: At a quick glance, you might think that this is a bumble bee, but bumble bees have hairy butts. The BugLady thought this was a carpenter bee (which have shiny butts), but now she thinks it\u2019s one of the larger mining bees in the genus Andrena<\/em>. Leatherwood is a spring-blooming shrub in woodlands \u2013 those fuzzy bud scales protect the bud from chilly spring nights. It gets its name from the fact that its branches can\u2019t be torn off the shrub, and from its strong bark fibers, which were woven into baskets, bowstrings, ropes, and the cords that lashed together canoe frames. Settlers used its branches when they took their children to the woodshed. All human use of it is problematic, because its caustic bark raises some serious blisters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

ROBBER FLY: Another bumble bee look-alike. Bumble bees eat nectar and collect pollen to feed their larvae; robber flies are carnivores. Laphria thoracia<\/em> (no common name) can be found on woodland edges from the Mason-Dixon Line north into the Maritime Provinces and west through the Western Great Lakes. Adult Laphria thoracia<\/em> eat bees and adult beetles (this one has a clover weevil, but the BugLady recently photographed one with an assassin bug), and their larvae feed on beetle larvae in decaying wood. Get to know Wisconsin\u2019s robber flies at this site <\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

GOLD-BACKED SNIPE FLY: June is the only month to enjoy these dramatically-colored flies that perch low in the vegetation in moist areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

SWAMP MILKWEED BEETLE: The BugLady loves finding these \u201cladybugs-on-steroids.\u201d They\u2019re often tucked down into the axils of the milkweed leaves, and when they see company coming, they either duck down deeper into the crevice or they default to the typical escape behavior of an alarmed leaf beetle \u2013 they tuck in their legs and fall off the plant. Their bright (aposematic\/warning) colors tell potential predators that they are toxic, due to the milkweed sap they ingest, but damsel bugs, stink bugs, and flower\/hover\/syrphid fly larvae prey on them nonetheless. For the full (and fascinating) Swamp milkweed leaf beetle story, see this site<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

ICHNEUMON WASP: Every year, large and colorful Therion<\/em> (probably) Ichneumon wasps drift through the vegetation in perpetual motion, legs dangling <\/i><\/a>, taunting the BugLady. They often occur in wetlands, and the BugLady swats mosquitoes and deer flies as she waits for them to show their faces. Which this one did.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Experienced BugFans are saying, \u201cBut, but, but \u2013 where are the dragonflies?\u201d Tune in next week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Go outside \u2013 look for bugs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The BugLady<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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