{"id":12394,"date":"2021-08-06T09:17:09","date_gmt":"2021-08-06T14:17:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?p=12394"},"modified":"2021-08-11T09:07:46","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T14:07:46","slug":"argus-tortoise-beetle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/","title":{"rendered":"Argus Tortoise beetle"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Greetings, BugFans,<\/p>\n<p>The BugLady\u2019s first thought when she glanced at this beetle was that it was a Swamp milkweed leaf beetle (which, for perching purposes, doesn\u2019t restrict itself to swamp milkweed). Note to self &#8211; always look twice. Although their markings are similar, this beetle is not as \u201cleggy\u201d as the SMLB, and so it seems to sit closer to the substrate.<\/p>\n<p>Every few years, she finds a new (to her) species of tortoise beetle &#8211; we have visited them in the form of Mottled, Horsemint, and Thistle tortoise beetles &#8211; and while the adults are interesting, it\u2019s the larvae that blow her away. Fecal shields? <em>Faeciforks<\/em>?<\/p>\n<p>Argus tortoise beetles (<em>Chelymorpha cassidea<\/em>) are in the huge leaf beetle family Chrysomelidae.  \u201c<em>Chelymorpha<\/em>\u201d means \u201cturtle\/tortoise-form,\u201d and \u201c<em>cassid<\/em>\u201d means \u201chelmet.\u201d According to Wikipedia, \u201c<em>The name Argus comes from the mythical Greek giant Argus Panoptes, who was sometimes depicted with 100 eyes, because the beetle is able to <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/1286837\/bgimage\">stretch out its red head <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> beyond its pronotum<\/em> [the front end of its thorax], <em>as if it were a single red eye<\/em>.\u201d Maybe a little poetic license going on, there.<\/p>\n<p>At about one- third of an inch long, it is one of the larger Chrysomelids, and it comes in various shades of orange, with <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/1608007\/bgimage, https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/1456941\/bgimage\">heavier <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/274124\/bgimage\">lighter spotting <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a>, and newly emerged beetles are <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/1080775\/bgimage\">pale for a few days <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> until their color develops. The edges of the thorax and abdomen sweep out a little, like a tiny skirt, giving the adult a suction-cup-like appearance and protecting its underpinnings from ants. The books say that its head slants backward, which we usually can\u2019t see because it\u2019s hidden under the prothorax.<\/p>\n<p>Females lay eggs <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/285461\">in clusters <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> on the leaves of host plants, members of the bindweed family Convolvulaceae. The <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/676256\/bgimage\">larvae <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> feed on <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/274128\">the leaves <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> gregariously for a while before going their separate ways.  A few sources say that they drop down and overwinter on the ground as pupae, but others <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/299697\">show pupal cases <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> on green leaves and say that they emerge in about 10 days and overwinter as adults.<\/p>\n<p>An alternate common name is the Milkweed tortoise beetle, though they don\u2019t feed on milkweed (in 1887, an entomologist named Lintner referred to them as a \u201c<em>milkweed beetle with bad habits<\/em>\u201d). The bindweed family includes some domesticated species like morning glories and sweet potatoes, so this is a beetle that is on our radar. Some sources say that it can do damage to the plant, and others say that the plants recover readily unless they are seedlings. There are historical records of the Argus tortoise beetle on raspberry, blackberry, rose, and peas, too, but the beetles may simply have been enjoying the view. <\/p>\n<p>Morning glory, hedge bindweed, and field bindweed leaves discourage grazing by manufacturing poisonous alkaloids that the Argus tortoise beetle sequesters in its body to protect itself, in turn, against predators (that\u2019s why the beetle can get away with its eye-catching orange and black coloration). Not 100% successfully, though \u2013 the beetle has several egg and larval parasites, and in an article published in 1889, Frank Hurlbut Chittenden wrote that \u201c<em>The Biological Survey has found the Argus tortoise beetle in the stomachs of 14 species of birds , most often in those of the starling (Sturnus vulgaris)<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Brief botanical aside: Field and Hedge bindweeds are lovely, white\/pale pink-flowered wild morning glories of edges and grasslands whose slender vines sprawl on sturdier plants. They\u2019re not native. The problem is their root system, which is massive, with deep taproots and with rhizomes that may extend eight or more feet from the plant. So, while the delicate vine and leaves climb over sturdier plants, robbing them of sunshine, the roots are hogging the water, and a small piece of root thrown up by a plow can grow into a new plant. Although its dietary attentions do stray, the Argus tortoise beetle is being viewed as a biological control for bindweeds.<\/p>\n<p>The cool thing about the Argus tortoise beetle is the way its larvae protect themselves. Some insects distance themselves from their droppings (frass) because predators and parasites can track them by its odor. Not so the tortoise beetle. Like other tortoise beetles, the Argus tortoise beetle larva embraces its poop, saving it and fashioning it into <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/676255\/bgimage\">a fecal shield <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a>, a tiny \u201cumbrella\u201d of frass impaled on the <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/567526\">forked tip of its abdomen <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a> (<em>faecifork<\/em>). This it waves around or shelters under when it feels threatened, providing its predators a \u201c<em>what the heck<\/em>!!!\u201d moment.<\/p>\n<p>Brief excretory aside: The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/news\/2003\/03\/frass-flies\">frass of skipper butterfly caterpillars <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i><\/a>, studied by a scientist who calls herself an \u201cEvolutionary faecologist,\u201d is expelled under pressure, like a tiny cannonball. One blogger calls it \u201c<em>ballistic pooping<\/em>.\u201d The frass pellet of the Silver-spotted Skipper may land 38 body lengths away.<\/p>\n<p>Adults defend themselves in classic Leaf beetle fashion \u2013 they drop down and, says Chittenden <em>\u201cplay possum,\u201d and for that reason do not very often find their way into the collecting net.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n<p>When she\u2019s researching insects, the BugLady takes note of the hits, both sacred and profane. Lots of photography sites for this beetle, and FYI, Walmart sells a handsome Argus tortoise beetle poster. <\/p>\n<p><em>The BugLady<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Greetings, BugFans, The BugLady\u2019s first thought when she glanced at this beetle was that it was a Swamp milkweed leaf beetle (which, for perching purposes, doesn\u2019t restrict itself to swamp milkweed). Note to self &#8211; always look twice. Although their &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28112,"featured_media":12398,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bug-of-the-week"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Field Station<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Argus Tortoise beetle\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Greetings, BugFans, The BugLady\u2019s first thought when she glanced at this beetle was that it was a Swamp milkweed leaf beetle (which, for perching purposes, doesn\u2019t restrict itself to swamp milkweed). Note to self &#8211; always look twice. Although their &hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Field Station\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-08-06T14:17:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-08-11T14:07:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2021\/08\/argus.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"312\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"312\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"lachaus2@uwm.edu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"lachaus2@uwm.edu\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"lachaus2@uwm.edu\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5e2573eb80eeccd1a97082227ac7b75c\"},\"headline\":\"Argus Tortoise beetle\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-08-06T14:17:09+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-11T14:07:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":857,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/380\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/argus.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Bug of the Week\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/\",\"name\":\"Argus Tortoise beetle - Field Station\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/380\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/argus.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-08-06T14:17:09+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-11T14:07:46+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5e2573eb80eeccd1a97082227ac7b75c\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/380\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/argus.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/380\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/argus.jpg\",\"width\":312,\"height\":312},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/argus-tortoise-beetle\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Bug of the Week\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/category\\\/bug-of-the-week\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Argus Tortoise beetle\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/\",\"name\":\"Field Station\",\"description\":\"UW-Milwaukee\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/field-station\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5e2573eb80eeccd1a97082227ac7b75c\",\"name\":\"lachaus2@uwm.edu\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b998498648c6e58d8ed6ad11d072a12e5678c3fcf79aa672aa7132bff16dd73f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b998498648c6e58d8ed6ad11d072a12e5678c3fcf79aa672aa7132bff16dd73f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b998498648c6e58d8ed6ad11d072a12e5678c3fcf79aa672aa7132bff16dd73f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"lachaus2@uwm.edu\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Field Station","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Argus Tortoise beetle","og_description":"Greetings, BugFans, The BugLady\u2019s first thought when she glanced at this beetle was that it was a Swamp milkweed leaf beetle (which, for perching purposes, doesn\u2019t restrict itself to swamp milkweed). Note to self &#8211; always look twice. Although their &hellip;","og_url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/","og_site_name":"Field Station","article_published_time":"2021-08-06T14:17:09+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-08-11T14:07:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":312,"height":312,"url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2021\/08\/argus.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"lachaus2@uwm.edu","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"lachaus2@uwm.edu","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/"},"author":{"name":"lachaus2@uwm.edu","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/#\/schema\/person\/5e2573eb80eeccd1a97082227ac7b75c"},"headline":"Argus Tortoise beetle","datePublished":"2021-08-06T14:17:09+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-11T14:07:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/"},"wordCount":857,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2021\/08\/argus.jpg","articleSection":["Bug of the Week"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/","name":"Argus Tortoise beetle - Field Station","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2021\/08\/argus.jpg","datePublished":"2021-08-06T14:17:09+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-11T14:07:46+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/#\/schema\/person\/5e2573eb80eeccd1a97082227ac7b75c"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2021\/08\/argus.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2021\/08\/argus.jpg","width":312,"height":312},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/argus-tortoise-beetle\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Bug of the Week","item":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/category\/bug-of-the-week\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Argus Tortoise beetle"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/#website","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/","name":"Field Station","description":"UW-Milwaukee","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/#\/schema\/person\/5e2573eb80eeccd1a97082227ac7b75c","name":"lachaus2@uwm.edu","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b998498648c6e58d8ed6ad11d072a12e5678c3fcf79aa672aa7132bff16dd73f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b998498648c6e58d8ed6ad11d072a12e5678c3fcf79aa672aa7132bff16dd73f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b998498648c6e58d8ed6ad11d072a12e5678c3fcf79aa672aa7132bff16dd73f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"lachaus2@uwm.edu"}}]}},"acf":[],"meta_fields":{"_edit_lock":["1628690725:28112"],"_edit_last":["28112"],"_yoast_wpseo_content_score":["30"],"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":[""],"_expiration-date-status":["saved"],"_thumbnail_id":["12398"],"_uwm_wg_content_review_log":["a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:11:\"reviewer_id\";i:0;s:6:\"status\";s:5:\"reset\";s:10:\"entry_date\";s:19:\"2026-03-01 02:10:43\";s:16:\"priority_content\";s:0:\"\";s:4:\"note\";s:43:\"Content review reset at start of new cycle.\";}}"]},"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-05-23 19:37:44","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28112"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12394"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12394\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12405,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12394\/revisions\/12405"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}