{"id":11741,"date":"2020-09-09T09:53:19","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T14:53:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?p=11741"},"modified":"2020-09-09T11:06:34","modified_gmt":"2020-09-09T16:06:34","slug":"common-green-darners-a-love-affair","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/common-green-darners-a-love-affair\/","title":{"rendered":"Common Green Darners\u2014A Love Affair"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Howdy, BugFans,<\/p>\n<p>We\u2019ve had a major emergence of migratory Common Green Darners in the past 10 days. They\u2019ve been feeding along Lake Michigan\u2019s western shoreline, zigzagging over the roadway and fields, socking away calories (those floodwater mosquitoes are good for something), and roosting in the cedars. Pushed south by cold fronts, they\u2019ll cover seven or more miles a day, and it will take them weeks to get to their destination. They\u2019re on their way, and maybe a little part of those of us who see them, goes with them.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-10arz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-11746\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-10arz-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"Green Darner on evergreen\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-10arz-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-10arz-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-10arz.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Common Green Darners (Anax junius \u2013 \u201cthe Lord of June!\u201d), hummingbird-sized dragonflies that, yes, sometimes attempt to prey on hummingbirds, have graced these pages before. Here are some links to past episodes<a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/common-green-darner-rest-story-family-aeshnidae\/\"> https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/common-green-darner-rest-story-family-aeshnidae\/<\/a> <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i>\u00a0 and <a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/dragonfly-swarm\/\">https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/dragonfly-swarm\/<\/a> <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i>, and a quick review.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-14rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11749 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-14rz-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"Two Green Darners on limb\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-14rz-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-14rz-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-14rz.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Dragonflies have been around for 275 million years. Back in the day (the Carboniferous and Permian day) some dragonfly ancestors had wingspreads of two-and-a-half feet and weighed a pound \u2013 crow-sized, according to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln\u2019s Entomology website. There was more oxygen in the air then, and that allowed insects and other invertebrates, which take in air passively through holes called spiracles, more oxygen to nourish their cells. Think six-foot millipedes.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-11rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-11747\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-11rz-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"Green Darner on evergreen\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-11rz-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-11rz-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-11rz.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Wisconsin has two populations of Common Green Darners (family Aeshnidae), and because of that, they can be seen in our skies from May through September. The migratory crew arrives in mid-spring, fresh from their winter range in the Southeastern US, Texas, and Mexico, one of about a dozen kinds of dragonflies that migrates out of the 400-ish species in North America. They mate, oviposit, and die off, but as they do, the resident population starts to emerge from the warming waters. There\u2019s a big difference in the phenology of their offspring (called naiads &#8211; or nymphs, if you must &#8211; but never larvae). Naiads of the migrant darners mature quickly, ready to emerge from beneath the water by late August. Naiads from the eggs of the resident population, deposited in submerged plant stems throughout summer, take about 10 months to mature.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-2rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11751 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-2rz-300x161.jpg\" alt=\"Swarm of Green Darners\" width=\"300\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-2rz-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-2rz-768x413.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-2rz.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Big assemblages of Common Green Darners \u2013 swarms &#8211; may be seen from early August on, depending on the weather. An aquatic entomologist who blogs under the name of \u201cDragonfly Woman\u201d collects reports of dragonfly swarms. Dragonfly Woman divides swarming behavior into low-altitude, static (mostly feeding) swarms and higher-altitude migratory swarms (and she wants to hear about both). Static swarms tend to be localized, with groups of dragonflies milling around no higher than about 20 feet off the ground. Migratory swarms are fast-moving \u201crivers of hundreds of thousands of dragonflies all flying in a single direction and covering large distances.\u201d Both migratory and feeding swarms can contain a mixture of species.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-11750\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-1-300x96.jpg\" alt=\"Swarm of Green Darners\" width=\"300\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-1-300x96.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-1-768x245.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-swarm20-1.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Explanation: The BugLady\u2019s first internet connection, back in the dawn of time, was dial-up, and she\u2019s still traumatized by it (she used to start downloading a picture and go wash dishes until it was complete), so she tries not to send huge picture files. The attached \u201cdarner swarm\u201d picture is a big file, but if you can zoom it, you can see a feeding swarm of darners glittering over a low, wet field at the end of August. How many?<\/p>\n<p>At this time last year, the BugLady spent parts of three or four days on a hawk tower counting migrating raptors, surrounded by a river of dragonflies &#8211; tens and hundreds of thousands of dragonflies, from horizon to horizon, moving steadily south. It was a religious experience. Primordial. The fall dragonfly migration is no secret from the raptors, and several species of falcons grab the darners out of the air and dine on the wing.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-18barz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11744 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-18barz-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"Green Darner on limb\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-18barz-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2020\/09\/darner-cg20-18barz.jpg 748w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The BugLady visited Forest Beach Migratory Preserve recently on a windy day when the Common Green Darners, various mosaic darners, and Black Saddlebags did not want to be aloft; they wanted to shelter in the grasses and trees. As she climbed a low hill, darners exploded from the conifers at the top, circled, and settled back down, and it seemed like every plant stem and tuft of grass hid a few. What a thrill! She walked around the trail apologizing to the darners for kicking them up, and laughing at herself, because even though she imagines that she has a pretty good \u201cdragonfly search image,\u201d they almost always see her long before she sees them (and she confesses that in one of the pictures with two darners in it, she didn\u2019t see the second until she put the picture up on the monitor). In one shot, you can scan the edge of the mowed path, as the BugLady does, except that most darners aren\u2019t pre-marked by red \u201cX\u2019s.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She has said it before and she\u2019ll say it again \u2013 with apologies to major conservation organizations everywhere \u2013 she is more concerned about the fates of dragonflies and other insects than of giant pandas, cheetahs, elephants and grizzly bears.<\/p>\n<p>Go outside, park yourself on the edge of Lake Michigan, and enjoy the show. <a href=\"https:\/\/thedragonflywoman.com\/dsp\/report\/\">And report your dragonfly swarms<\/a>  <i class=\"fa fa-external-link\"><\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>The BugLady<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Howdy, BugFans, We\u2019ve had a major emergence of migratory Common Green Darners in the past 10 days. They\u2019ve been feeding along Lake Michigan\u2019s western shoreline, zigzagging over the roadway and fields, socking away calories (those floodwater mosquitoes are good for &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19040,"featured_media":11748,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[8],"tags":[542,551],"class_list":["post-11741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bug-of-the-week","tag-dragonfly","tag-green-darner"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Field Station<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/common-green-darners-a-love-affair\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Common Green Darners\u2014A Love Affair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Howdy, BugFans, We\u2019ve had a major emergence of migratory Common Green Darners in the past 10 days. 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