{"id":11100,"date":"2019-11-20T09:55:11","date_gmt":"2019-11-20T15:55:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?p=11100"},"modified":"2024-12-26T13:53:14","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:53:14","slug":"five-banded-tiphiid-wasps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/five-banded-tiphiid-wasps\/","title":{"rendered":"Five-Banded Tiphiid Wasps"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"default_cursor_cs\">Greetings, BugFans,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"default_cursor_cs\">The BugLady had fun in a rabbit hole recently. OK, it was a cold, gray day, threatening snow\/rain, and the light from the monitor was brighter than the light from outside, but it\u2019s a rabbit hole she had been meaning to visit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Back in the summer of 2009, she found a goldenrod that was enhanced by some very cool, inch-long wasps, a few of which had little hooks at the tips of their abdomens. She ID\u2019d them as (probably) Five-banded tiphiid wasps (<em>Myzinum<\/em> <em>quinquecinctum<\/em>), one of about <a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/tiphiid-wasp\/\">10 species in the genus <em>Myzinum<\/em> in the family Tiphiidae<\/a>. She qualified her ID with a \u201cprobably\u201d because several <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/268\/bgpage\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">similar species also live in the area,<\/a> and they can be tricky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"aligncenter uwm-c-img--center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wasp-female13-10rz.jpg\" alt=\"tiphiid female wasp, showing alternating bands on body and short antennae\" class=\"wp-image-11103\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wasp-female13-10rz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wasp-female13-10rz-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wasp-female13-10rz-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But that was then, and this is now. Now, when she looks them up, she finds them in the wasp family <em>Thynnidae. <\/em>Everybody in the genus <em>Myzinum <\/em>and in the subfamily <em>Myzininae<\/em> were reassigned. Recently. An article published in 2009 referred to the \u201ctaxonomic purgatory\u201d of the genus and its potential for reclassification within the same family, and in 2013, one of the BugLady\u2019s go-to, online sources still placed this genus in the <em>Tiphiidae<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, the lifestyle generalizations that the BugLady made 10 years ago\u2014that adult Five-banded tiphiid wasps (FBTW) are solitary wasps that nectar on flowers, while their larvae are parasitoids on the larvae of a number of scarabs and other beetles that live underground or in rotten wood\u2014were based on the lifestyle of what is now the wrong family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"aligncenter uwm-c-img--center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"527\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wsp-male13-1.jpg\" alt=\"tiphiid male wasp on flower, highlighting narrow body, stripes, and antennae\" class=\"wp-image-11105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wsp-male13-1.jpg 738w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wsp-male13-1-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Who are the <em>Thynnidae<\/em>? They are solitary wasps that are sometimes called \u201cflower wasps.\u201d Adult thynnid wasps nectar on flowers. They like the composites and are considered minor pollinators, while the larvae of most species are parasitoids on the larvae of a number of scarabs and other beetles that live underground or in rotten wood. Yeah. If taxonomy (from the Greek <em>taxis <\/em>meaning \u201carrangement\u201d) were based on function, our field guides would look pretty different; instead, it is based on form\u2014nuances of physiology\u2014and evolutionary relationships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Females of some species of <em>Thynnid<\/em> wasps are wingless. Males find them on the ground and carry them into the air on a nuptial flight that may last an hour. This is probably the only time in her life that she\u2019s significantly off the ground. Based on the internet hits, the family seems to be exceptionally diverse in Australia, though <em>Myzinum<\/em> is a New World genus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"aligncenter uwm-c-img--center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wsp-male13-2arz.jpg\" alt=\"tiphiid male wasp on stem, highlighting narrow body, stripes, and antennae\" class=\"wp-image-11106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wsp-male13-2arz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wsp-male13-2arz-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-wsp-male13-2arz-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This species, still known scientifically as <em>Myzinum<\/em> <em>quinquecinctum<\/em>, is now referred to by some sites as the Five-banded <em>thynnid<\/em> wasp and by other sites as the \u201c<em>Five-banded tiphiid wasp in the family Thynnidae<\/em>.\u201d It\u2019s found in grasslands and gardens in the eastern US from the Great Plains to the Atlantic, plus southeastern Canada and Costa Rica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Males have straight, dark antennae, yellow legs, and brownish wings. Females have short, red antennae, sturdy red legs (for digging), and orange-ish wings. Her five bands are broader than his are, but they tend to be broken. The hook on the male\u2019s abdomen is harmless, but the female\u2019s stinger is functional. She uses it, after all, as an ovipositor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Females locate a beetle grub in the soil, lay an egg on it, and inject some neurotoxins to immobilize it. FBTWs compete with the awesome American <em>pelecinid<\/em> wasp, which also <a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/american-pelecinid-wasp\/\">deposits eggs below ground on scarab larvae<\/a> . Some sites call FBTW larvae ectoparasites, consuming their host from without, while others say that the larvae are endoparasites, burrowing in and eating from within. To the host, it\u2019s a distinction without a difference\u2014the <em>coup de grace<\/em> is delivered shortly before the wasp larva pupates. The wasp overwinters as a pupa below the ground and emerges as an adult in early summer. One source said that <em>thynnids<\/em> are preyed on by Velvet ants, wingless female wasps in the family <em>Mutillidae<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/546106\/bgimage\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">who find their pupal cases and lay eggs on them<\/a>. The hunter becomes the hunted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"aligncenter uwm-c-img--center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"663\" height=\"484\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-males10-2sm.jpg\" alt=\"four tiphiid male wasps on leaf\" class=\"wp-image-11102\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-males10-2sm.jpg 663w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2019\/11\/tiphiid-males10-2sm-300x219.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 663px) 100vw, 663px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Along with their appearances on flower tops, congregations of male FBTWs are often found on leaves. The BugLady usually sees them on cool, overcast days. Speculation is that they are either waiting for the temperature to rise so they can forage or for newly-minted females to emerge from the soil. <a href=\"http:\/\/bugeric.blogspot.com\/2010\/09\/wasp-wednesday-myzinum.html.\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">On his bugeric blog<\/a>, entomologist Eric Eaton tells us that males \u201ccan also gather in \u2018slumber parties,\u2019 bedding down in evening in large groups on vegetation in fields and meadows.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The BugLady<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Greetings, BugFans, The BugLady had fun in a rabbit hole recently. OK, it was a cold, gray day, threatening snow\/rain, and the light from the monitor was brighter than the light from outside, but it\u2019s a rabbit hole she had &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19040,"featured_media":11104,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[8],"tags":[91],"class_list":["post-11100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bug-of-the-week","tag-wasps"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Field Station<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"UWM Field Station Bug of the Week article offers insight into the Five-banded thynnid wasp\u2014it&#039;s life cycle, habitat, and recenty classification change.\" \/>\n<meta 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